Objective(s): Adipose tissue is one of the most important endocrine organs that liberates many metabolic mediators such as hormones, cytokines, and chemokines. Different types of fatty acids have key roles in adipogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two essential fatty acids, including Arachidonic acid (AA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on ...

The metabolism of the linolenic acid family (n-3) of fatty acids, e.g., linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids, in cultured smooth muscle cells from rabbit aorta was compared to the metabolism of linoleic and arachidonic acids. There was a time-dependent uptake of these fatty acids into cells for 16 hr (arachidonic greater than docosahexaenoic, linoleic, eicosapentaenoic greater...

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of dietary supplementation with a Bifidobacterium breve strain together with linoleic acid & α-linolenic acid, for 7 weeks, on colonic sensitivity and fatty acid metabolism in rats. Maternally separated and non-maternally separated Sprague Dawley rats (n = 15) were orally gavaged with either B. breve DPC6330 (10(9) microorganisms/day) alone or in ...

It is suggested that COVID-19 (coronavirus) and other enveloped viruses can be inactivated by bioactive lipids. Bioactive lipids (BALs) AA, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomo-GLA (DGLA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) are precursors to anti-inflammatory metabolites prostaglandin E1, lipoxin A4, resolvins, protectins maresins enhance phagocytosis of macrophages leukocytes clear de...

Background: Adipogenesis is affected by multiple factors, among which all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and Ca2+are considered important factors. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of calcium, ATRA, their underlying molecular mechanisms, alone in combination, on adipocyte differentiation. Methods: Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) were differentiated into adi...

This study investigated whether decaffeinated green coffee bean extract prevents obesity and improves insulin resistance and elucidated its mechanism of action. Male C57BL/6N mice (N = 48) were divided into six dietary groups: chow diet, HFD, HFD-supplemented with 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.9% decaffeinated green coffee bean extract, and 0.15% 5-caffeoylquinic acid. Based on the reduction in HFD-induced...

High fat intake is associated with fat mass gain through fatty acid activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta and gamma, which promote adipogenesis. We show herein that, compared to a combination of specific agonists to both receptors or to saturated, monounsaturated, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid (C20:4, omega-6) promoted substantially the diff...

The serum concentration of lipids and composition of fatty acids after overnight fasting were studied in 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated for 12 weeks with either 20 ml of evening primrose oil containing 9% of gamma-linolenic acid or olive oil. The serum concentrations of oleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and apolipoprotein B decreased and those of linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic a...

Seasonal variations of proximate compositions and fatty acids of tench (Tinca tinca) captured from Seyhan Dam Lake were investigated. The results showed that seasonal fatty acid compositions of tench fillets in July, August and November ranged from 29.59% to 33.71% for saturated fatty acids (SFA), from 20.50% to 21.69% for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and from 26.50% to 41.85% for polyun...